- high blood Na+ levels
- low blood K+ levels and high blood pressure
- hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and severe dehydration
- high blood glucose levels
No category found.
- action of aldosterone
- action of ADH and the medullary solute gradient
- renin-angiotensin system
- filtration at the glomerulus
- secretion of HCO3-
- secretion of H+
- reabsorption of H+
- production of dilute urine
- HCO3-, H+
- H+, HCO3-
- glucose, urea
- Na+, K+
- increased Na+ and water reabsorption
- increased Na+ and water excretion (diuresis)
- increased K+ reabsorption
- increased blood volume
- low plasma osmolarity
- high blood pressure
- an increase in plasma osmolarity
- high blood volume
- an increase in water reabsorption by osmosis
- a decrease in water reabsorption
- an increase in urine volume
- a decrease in blood volume
- renal pelvis
- filtrate
- hypertonic medullary interstitium
- vasa recta directly
- blood pH
- blood glucose levels
- body temperature
- solute concentration and water balance
- excess glucose in the filtrate
- insufficient ADH secretion or action
- high levels of aldosterone
- kidney failure
- vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion
- vasoconstriction and stimulation of aldosterone secretion
- decreased ADH secretion
- increased GFR
- high blood pressure
- low blood pressure and low Na+ levels
- high blood glucose
- high plasma osmolarity
- increase in ADH secretion
- decrease in ADH secretion
- increase in aldosterone secretion
- decrease in GFR
- less ADH and less aldosterone
- more ADH and more aldosterone
- more ADH and less aldosterone
- less ADH and more aldosterone
- water only
- Na+ and the secretion of K+
- glucose
- urea
- increase their permeability to water by inserting aquaporins
- decrease their permeability to water
- increase their permeability to sodium
- decrease their permeability to sodium
- proximal convoluted tubule
- loop of Henle
- glomerulus
- collecting duct and DCT
- increase the solute concentration of the medulla
- decrease the ability to concentrate urine
- increase water reabsorption in the descending limb
- have no effect on urine volume
- glomerular filtration
- tubular secretion
- counter-current multiplier
- micturition reflex
