Practice Questions

This is the fundamental distinction between the two types of reference and is frequently tested in NMDCAT and ETEA English sections.

He comes before Bilal, so it is cataphoric.

It refers back to the museum, making it an anaphoric reference.

She appears before Maria, making the reference cataphoric.

In both sentences, the pronouns could reasonably refer to more than one noun, making the references ambiguous.

It is a dummy subject referring forward to the infinitive clause.

This summarizes the previous action rather than referring to a single noun.

They refers back to the children.

They refers forward to the researchers.

It refers back to the theory, making it an anaphoric reference.