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Practice Questions

The enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glycolysis, converting fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, is:

A. Hexokinase
B. Pyruvate kinase
C. Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) ✓
D. Glucose-6-phosphatase
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Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a deficiency in a certain vitamin develops night blindness. This symptom is associated with a deficiency in:

A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin A ✓
C. Vitamin B12
D. Vitamin D
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A biochemist is studying the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy input. This process is known as:

A. Simple diffusion
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Active transport ✓
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The process of breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones, usually releasing energy, is called:

A. Anabolism
B. Catabolism ✓
C. Metabolism
D. Homeostasis
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A patient is experiencing rapid, shallow breathing. This could be a compensatory mechanism for:

A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic acidosis ✓
D. Respiratory alkalosis
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A genetic mutation leads to a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence, but it does not change the amino acid sequence of the protein. This type of mutation is called a:

A. Missense mutation
B. Nonsense mutation
C. Silent mutation ✓
D. Frameshift mutation
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The bonds that link amino acids together to form polypeptide chains are called:

A. Glycosidic bonds
B. Ester bonds
C. Peptide bonds ✓
D. Phosphodiester bonds
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A person is on a low-fat diet. They still need to obtain essential fatty acids. Essential fatty acids are those that:

A. Are saturated fats.
B. Are synthesized by the body.
C. Must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them. ✓
D. Are found only in animal products.
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The final common pathway for the oxidation of carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids, generating ATP and carbon dioxide, is the:

A. Glycolysis
B. Pentose Phosphate Pathway
C. Electron Transport Chain
D. Krebs Cycle ✓
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A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme will typically:

A. Bind to an allosteric site.
B. Decrease the Vmax? of the reaction.
C. Increase the Km? of the reaction without affecting Vmax?. ✓
D. Irreversibly bind to the enzyme.
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