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Practice Questions

The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information in cells as:

A. Protein ? DNA ? RNA
B. RNA ? DNA ? Protein
C. DNA ? RNA ? Protein ✓
D. Protein ? RNA ? DNA
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Jun 6, 2026

A lipid that is characterized by a four-ring carbon structure and is a component of cell membranes, but also serves as a precursor for hormones, is:

A. Triglyceride
B. Fatty acid
C. Phospholipid
D. Cholesterol ✓
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Jun 6, 2026

A patient with hypoventilation (slow, shallow breathing) may develop:

A. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory acidosis ✓
D. Metabolic alkalosis
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Jun 6, 2026

The primary structure of a protein is defined by its:

A. Alpha-helix and beta-sheet content.
B. Three-dimensional folding.
C. Amino acid sequence. ✓
D. Arrangement of multiple subunits.
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Jun 6, 2026

The breaking of a glycosidic bond between two monosaccharides to form individual monosaccharides is a process of:

A. Condensation
B. Hydrolysis ✓
C. Polymerization
D. Oxidation
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Jun 6, 2026

A protein that has a highly stable, fibrous structure and provides strength and elasticity to tissues (e.g., keratin in hair and nails) is likely a:

A. Globular protein
B. Fibrous protein ✓
C. Enzyme
D. Receptor protein
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Jun 6, 2026

A cell increases its metabolic rate to meet higher energy demands. This involves an increase in the rate of which process within the mitochondria?

A. Glycolysis
B. Fermentation
C. Oxidative phosphorylation ✓
D. Gluconeogenesis
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Jun 6, 2026

A patient has high levels of LDL cholesterol in their blood. LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is primarily responsible for:

A. Transporting cholesterol from peripheral tissues back to the liver.
B. Transporting dietary fats from the intestine.
C. Transporting cholesterol from the liver to peripheral tissues. ✓
D. Transporting triglycerides.
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Jun 6, 2026

A type of RNA that carries specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis is:

A. mRNA
B. rRNA
C. tRNA ✓
D. siRNA
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Jun 6, 2026

The process of glucose phosphorylation, the first step in glycolysis, is catalyzed by:

A. Pyruvate kinase
B. Hexokinase ✓
C. Phosphofructokinase
D. Aldolase
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Jun 6, 2026
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